Lid: Muscogulus

Agreed.

Just search Google with "maritime archaeology" or "underwater ruins."

There appear to be a lot of images out there under that sobriquet-some real, some not.

door Urquhart om 10:25 am (EST) op May 23, 2013

hi rob,

thanks for reading the article on ray, king and the kkk and your kind comments. it's not my schtick but i felt the public needed to know some things about the assassination that were not in print.

obviously, there still are some mysteries about king's murder (like how did ray know the judge's address?) but some diligent reporters and historians are working on these questions.

you can rest assured about the home. it was jenkins' boyhood home and not one of multiple real estate investments. technically, it wasn't his but was in the name of his deceased father, which of course, is the same (he being junior). in that sense ray and the fbi got it wrong. but this doesn't diminish the coincidence and ray's implicating himself by connecting the purchase of the murder weapon to civil rights.

i see you have an interesting library and historical interests. i hope you don't mind if i look through it from time to time.

door lacenaire om 5:03 pm (EST) op May 22, 2013

Sounds like a very good idea. This will make for a nice seamless collection, containing as much information as possible.

door jburlinson om 3:54 pm (EST) op Apr 28, 2013

OK. I'll work on it this evening. Thanks.

door jburlinson om 3:49 pm (EST) op Apr 28, 2013

I'm happy to add some titles to the Wallace library. 100 sounds fine to me. Could you let me know starting and ending points on the list? Also, the password? Thanks.

door jburlinson om 3:42 pm (EST) op Apr 28, 2013

You make good points. But what shines through Barber's self-justification is he thought he could reform a dictatorial regime by having conversations with the dictator and writing articles (meant for consumption by US elites obviously) talking about how forward-thinking the dictator is and how we should be dealing with him. I'm not opposed to dealing with autocrats and dictators, but I am opposed to gussying it up as democracy-promotion, and I am opposed to taking dictators (actually, national leaders in general) at their word.

I can't help but view him as a prestigious scholar who leaped at a chance to play with elites and make an entrance on the world stage. He told himself that he was improving the world but in reality he should have realized he was being played (and I don't see him denying being paid by Monitor). I cannot help but draw a line from the facile Jihad vs McWorld to his actions regarding Libya.

door jklugman om 10:59 pm (EST) op Apr 7, 2013

Sorry for the late reply, I don't check librarything that often. Did you hear Barber (along with some other well-respected academics) got in trouble for basically shilling for Qaddafi's Libya? Heh. His rather unpersuasive self-justification can be found here: http://www.thenation.com/article/159054/benjamin-barber-responds#

door jklugman om 1:31 am (EST) op Apr 6, 2013

I liked your review of Benjamin Barber's Jihad vs McWorld. I just read it and it was terrible.

door jklugman om 6:07 pm (EST) op Mar 16, 2013

Besides the original map of New Sweden, most of the Royal Archives were destroyed in the Palace fire of 1697.

door sm5por om 3:38 pm (EST) op May 28, 2012

The edition scanned for the Open Library appears to be the original one from 1696, as neither the facsimile title page nor Collijn's afterword are included. The 1937 facsimile also includes a folded map inset of the New Sweden colony (showing essentially a river with its surroundings) between the preface and the catechism proper.

Campanius himself returned from America to Sweden in 1648, and were to serve as a vicar at Frösthult and Härnevi parishes until his death in 1683. Collijn writes about his grandson, Thomas Campanius Holm:

"Among Holm's work there is an engraved map of New Sweden by Peter Lindeström who lived in the settlements between 1653-1655. He was an engineer and wrote a 'Geographia Americana' which is preserved in manuscript in the Royal Archives. The original map hung in the Royal Council Chamber but perished in the fire which destroyed the Palace, in 1697. This engraving is to be found both in the Catechism and in his own 'Kort beskrifning om provincien Nya Swerige.' In 1702, this work was published and the same year marks the decease of Thomas Campanius, as already mentioned."

From the description of the Liljeblad memorial, which I quoted earlier: "He suggests that the map which hangs in the Royal Council Chamber 'be copied in engraving' and placed preceeding the Catechism to which a prefix shall be appended."

As the Swedish crown had lost control of the colony to the Dutch in 1655 (after Campanius had already returned home), the translation wasn't published until 1696, when the remaining Swedish settlers had begged for spiritual support from their old country, on behalf of themselves as well as their native trading partners. The translation was then printed in more than 600 copies, most of which were shipped over and actually used for missionary work, although it's uncertain whether any natives allowed themselves to be baptized.

"On the map are inserted figures of Indians, animals, trees and plants. This map is, as a rule, not to be found in the copies which have been preserved to our day."

Collijn initially mentions that some twenty copies of the original 1696 edition have been preserved in public and private libraries. Paging through the Open Library scans, the print looks identical to the facsimile I have, but the binding is different, meaning that marginal parts of some pages may have been obscured in the OL scans. Let me know if you want some obscured parts clarified from my edition.

If you really intend to learn Swedish for the purpose of interpreting the Delaware translation, you should be aware that you are looking at a vocabulary and orthography that is over 300 years old. I can read most of it with little problem, but some words are quite archaic and require a bit of contemplation to understand. The spelling may render any modern dictionary useless until you learn how to transcribe the words before looking them up.

Last year I got involved with Project Gutenberg Distributed Proofreaders, and this is one book I have considered appropriate for an accurate PG reproduction (minus the blackletter typography, which a lot of people have trouble reading today). Before I learned about the OL scan, the 1937 afterword by Collijn would have presented a copyright hurdle (I'm personally convinced that it too is in the public domain now, but I think the entire publishing industry will disagree with me, and I'm not a lawyer).

door sm5por om 4:05 pm (EST) op May 24, 2012

I don't think the term "Algonquian" (or variants thereof) appears anywhere in the original 1696 edition, which instead refers to the language as "American-Virginian" or sometimes "Barbarian" (apparently in a non-derogatory sense, simply meaning "foreign").

However, the 1937 facsimile edition also contains an afterword written in English by Isak Collijn, director of the Royal Library in Stockholm, and I quote from it:

"Campanius also learned the Indian language. The Indians who peopled the shores of the Delaware were of the Algonquian-Indian tribe."

"The Indians who inhabited those parts where now are the present States of New Jersey and Pennsylvania and parts of New York, called themselves Lenâpe or Lenilenâpe, which implies 'real men.' The Swedes called them Renappi, River Indians or quite simply, our Indians. West and North of the Swedish settlements lived Indians of the Iroquoian tribe with villages and forts. These were called Minquas but, by the Dutch, Mingwe, whilst the Swedes corrupted the name into Minquesser or Mynkussar of whom they made a distinction between the black and the white. And with these wild Indians were the Swedes also on good terms and carried on trade."

"The language which Campanius learned was that of the Algonquian Indians."

To that last sentence is added a footnote citing J. C. Pilling, Bibliography of the algonquian languages, Washington: Bureau of Ethnology, 1891, from which Collijn quotes:

"The Algonquian speaking peoples covered a greater extent of country, perhaps, than those of any other of the linguistic stocks of North America, stretching from Labrador to the Rocky Mountains, and from the Churchill River of Hudson Bay to Pamlico Sound in North Carolina; and the literature of their languages is by far the greatest in extent of any stocks north of Mexico."

The footnote also states that the Catechism of Campanius is described on page 65 of said bibliography.

The Catechism contains two short vocabularies as appendices, one for the "Virginian" (Algonquian) language of the Catechism itself, and one for the Minquas' language under the heading "Vocabula mahakuassica".

My mentioning of "Algonquian" as an extinct language may be mistaken, but I think I read that on some website citing Campanius' translation as an important source of information about its grammar and vocabulary in the 17th century. I hope my quotes from Collijn above will make it clear to you what languages he is referring to; I'm myself entirely unfamiliar with native American languages and how they relate to each other.

In case it helps you to further identify the languages, here are the numerals from 1 to 10 as quoted from the two vocabularies:

"Barbaro-Virgineorum" (Algonquian): ciútte, nissa, náha, nævvo, pareenach, ciuttas, nissas, haas, paéschun, thæræn.

"Mahakuassica": onsKat, tíggene, áxe, rajéne, wisck, jajáck, tzadack, tickerom, wáderom, wásha.

(The "K" in "onsKat" is printed like a small cap "k" which exists in Unicode but I can't easily produce right now.)

The Catechism also contains the Lord's Prayer in "Lingua Virginiana" ("Nooshun Kesukquot, Quittiana tamunach Koowesuonk") and "Lingua Caraibica" ("Kioúmone titányem oubécouyum, santiquet ála eyéti"). I don't see these mentioned specifically in Collijn's afterword. They appear to me not to be translations made by Campanius himself, but quotes from other works printed in 1663 and 1664, respectively. In particular, I have no idea what language "Lingua Caraibica" refers to, but its source is cited as Insularum American. Ex Catechismo Caraibico P. Raymundi Breton, Auxerra 1664.

Collijn quotes a Swedish 17th-century orientalist named Liljeblad, who apparently was involved in the original publication and in a preserved memorial points out "that the Lutheri Catechismus is to hand, translated into the American or West-Indian language, which should appreciably serve unto Everlasting Light, Swedish Christians out in America as well as Barbarians and pagans, if, at this time, it be brought to the printer's and sent over to the poor people." Considering that the term "West-Indian" is here used in a much broader sense than we understand it today, I wonder if "Caraibica" may have had an equally different meaning.

door sm5por om 4:38 pm (EST) op May 22, 2012

Yes... Any particular title that caught your attention? Besides that handful of books on typography, I have a few old books on other topics (mostly bibles and other religions works) but printed with blackletter typefaces.

Given what you state in your profile, I think you would find this book interesting:

http://www.librarything.com/work/17126/12074243

It's a facsimile edition of a late 17th-century translation of Martin Luther's Little Catechism into the Algonquian language, with the Swedish text in parallel. While the Swedish-language parts are typeset in blackletter, the Algonquian parts (as well as the occasional Latin loan word in Swedish) are printed using roman type. I understand that this translation, made by Johannes Campanius, is today one of the few remaining sources on the now extinct Algonquian language.

"Catechesis, Hátte Pæmyy suhwijvan chínticha mamaræckhíckan."

door sm5por om 7:30 pm (EST) op May 19, 2012

I have only thumbed through the book. It does appear that the boundaries shifted. I'll let you know more after I've read the book.

door NLytle om 7:17 am (EST) op May 18, 2012

I half agree with you... I often dont use them - for instance in cant or dont, but for instance when you typed "were" meaning "we're" I had to go back and read your sentence again because I first read it as the verb "were". So its useful. The same might go for I'll/ill (especially since i often neglect the convention of caps...

door Crypto-Willobie om 9:42 pm (EST) op May 16, 2012

the export trade of American ginseng from the Appalachian mountains to China

I intend to start on it soon, I'll let you know if there's any mention of this. The original was published in 1933 and from the publisher's blurb it looks to be more of a natural history/personal growth type of book, with helpings of mysticism. Prisvin got lost (half-intentionally) during combat in Manchuria in 1904, set off wandering, and chanced upon a magical valley, complete with wondrous plants and animals and a Yoda-like guru character. It should happen to all of us...

door LolaWalser om 6:11 pm (EST) op May 16, 2012

Hey, thanks for putting together the link roundup on your 'Pinker' post.

- Bob

door AsYouKnow_Bob om 2:27 am (EST) op Oct 26, 2011

Recently finished Wieland. Your review nailed it, but I enjoyed it all the same. I even looked up Wieland the author, but my Deutsch is not good enough to read him. Anyhow, thanks!

door slickdpdx om 9:11 pm (EST) op Sep 4, 2011