The first millennium AD introduced new technologies, such as the lathe, which motivated a resurgence in bone and antler working in Europe. New raw materials also became popular, particularly elk antler. This collection of seven papers, originally prepared for a small conference held at the British Musem in 1997, reflect on these and other changes that marked the transition from the Roman to the medieval world. Subjects include: elk antler finds from the Roman town `Old Virunum' in southern Austria; the identification of fallow deer remains from Roman Monkton in Kent; workshop debitage and reused objects from Roman Pannonia; antler remains from the Late Antique site of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte; the working of roe deer antler in Anglo-Saxon England; boneworking at Middle Saxon Hamwic in Southampton; Late Saxon worked antler waste from Holy Rood in Southampton. One paper in French, the rest in English.