Elaine Feinstein (1930–2019)

I've never read a biography that was actively gripping, before! Unfortunately it has to deal with wrenchingly tragic events.

This biography of Hughes is, I believe, the first to be published. I'm not sure there are any others, though there have been memoirs dealing with Hughes and Plath. Now, Hughes became a widely hated figure in America because of a radical Feminist view of his treatment of his first wife Sylvia Plath (who committed suicide) based on extremely limite, biased and factually inaccurate evidence and Hughes' refusal to try to set the record straight in any serious way until very late in his life. Plath's suicide became the defining incident in Hughes' life and Feinstein does everything in her power to shed the maximum light on it, establish the bare facts of what actually happened and examine as closely as possible the states of mind of everyone involved from all perspectives, whilst trying to take in to account everybody's biases (including her own; she new Hughes later in his life). Of course, unsurprisingly to any dispassionate observer, it turns out to be way more complicated than the "Hughes was the root of all evil" extremism of Plath cultists in America, or the "Plath was totally off her rocker" argument Hughes defenders countered with. (Hughes himself did his best to dismiss this view of matters.) The sometimes posited, "if it wasn't for Assia Wevill's predatory behaviour" angle also fails to capture the whole thing.

So here are some things to consider before taking a view: Plath attempted suicide as a teen. She was clearly struggling emotionally prior to Hughes' affair and the marriage was already in trouble because of it. She was paranoid about Hughes' fidelity before he started the affiar with Wevill. Assia Wevill did behave as a sexual predator, not just towards Hughes, either. Hughes' attitude to sex before and after his relationship with Plath was never one of idealising monogamy. Plath knew this. Plath kicked Hughes out of their home when she found out about the affair but subsequently maintain a duplicitous attitude, whereby publicly she wanted a divorce and provately she desperately wanted Hughes back. Her suicide had some remarkable features: She took extensive precautions to protect her children from harm; she left the phone number of her doctor in a prominent place; she expected to be found relatively soon after turning on the gas.

Putting all this together suggests a situation where Plath, whilst not completely bonkers by any stretch, was losing the mental and emotional stability she had regained after ECT treatment in her teens. The marriage was already under strain because of it. Assia Wevill was sexually aggressive towards Hughes but Hughes reciprocated and his past and future behaviour strongly suggest if it wasn't Wevill then, it would have been somebody at some point. Plath may have strategised a failed suicide attempt as a method of getting Hughes back but instead miscalculated and died. No single person was to blame; nobody was evil personified; nobody benefitted emotionally from the tragedy. Maybe not even Plath herself wanted the outcome she got.

So this is an excellent biography, clearly stating what is fact, what is opinion, what speculation, what is out-right false and presenting the public views of the key players. Feinstein is clearly sympathetic towards Hughes, way more forgiving of his philandering than I am, but still attempting to be fair to all and crucially set the factual record straight.

Hughes' poetry is discussed mainly in terms of whatever light it sheds on his character and life, rather than from a strongly lit. crit. perspective. You will probably learn more about it from reading the volume of Hughes' letters, which should be read by anyone interested in Hughes' life, anyway, as it serves as a compliment to this biography, filling gaps and giving its own insight into Hughes life, work and character.… (meer)

Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966) was a legendary Russian poet and an icon for the people in Russia. To think of becoming and staying a poet was in Akhmatova's own words absurd, but she endured it. Feinstein draws on a wealth of material, including memoirs, letters, journals and interviews with Akhmatova's surviving friends. She started writing and reading her poems in Petrograd before 1913. Against the dramatic history of the Russia of the Tsar, the revolution of Lenin and than the hardest rules of Stalin, she paid a heavy price for her art and her personal passions and love affairs. Her work was banned from 1925 until 1940 and again following World War II. At the end of her life she got recognation in the west. Akhmatova wrote a lot of poetry. This verse from 'Northern elegies (september 1945) I found really moving:
"They've burnt my little toy town
And now there is no wormhole to the past
It is as if I were a river
Forced by this brutal age
to change my path....… (meer)