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Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)

Auteur van Dialoog over de twee voornaamste wereldsystemen

226+ Werken 3,372 Leden 25 Besprekingen Favoriet van 10 leden

Over de Auteur

Galileo Galilei, the great astronomer and physicist whose researches played so crucial a role in the history of science, also occupies an important place in the history of philosophy for his part in overthrowing the predominant Aristotelian concept of the nature of the universe. Galileo considered toon meer himself a philosopher and referred to himself as such on the title pages of his most influential works. Much recent research has been devoted to examining both the philosophical background of Galileo's scientific achievements and the philosophical implications of his scientific method. Born in Pisa, the eldest son of a famous music theorist, Galileo entered on the study of medicine at the University of Pisa but quickly shifted his interest to mathematics. From 1589 to 1592, he taught mathematics at Pisa while studying independently with Jacopo Mazzoni, a distinguished professor of philosophy. His earliest scientific works, directed against Aristotle's account of freely falling bodies, date from this period. In 1592 he moved to Padua, where he lectured on mathematics and astronomy, and by 1597 he was defending the Copernican helicocentric theory of the universe in a letter to his friend Mazzoni. When in 1609, he learned of the invention of the telescope in Holland, Galileo quickly designed an improved version of the instrument for his own astronomical observations. His startling discoveries---including the satellites of Jupiter---were revealed in 1610 in his Starry Messenger (Sidereus nuncius), which led to his appointment as mathematician and philosopher to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. On a visit to Rome in 1611, he demonstrated the power of his instrument and defended the Copernican worldview in learned circles. Church authorities were divided on the question of whether the Copernican theory was consistent with scriptural accounts of the cosmos, and Galileo's position was attacked on theological grounds. He defended himself eloquently in his famous Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615), arguing for the independence of scientific inquiry from theological constraints. Nevertheless, in the following year, he was forbidden to hold or teach the Copernican view. Retiring to Florence to pursue his scientific researches, Galileo let the Copernican question lie until a new pope, Urban VIII, seemed to offer a more favorable reception to his views. In 1632 he brought out his great Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, a presentation of the Ptolemaic-Aristotelian and Copernican systems heavily weighted in favor of the scientific superiority of the latter. In spite of the support of his Florentine and Roman friends, Galileo was tried and forced to recant his defense of helicocentrism under the threat of torture; the Dialogue was placed on the Index of Prohibited Books and its author sentenced to house arrest for life. Galileo's last years were spent in scientific investigations that culminated in the publication of his Discourses on Two New Sciences (1638). Galileo's legacy as a philosopher lies in his outspoken defense of the autonomy of scientific investigation from philosophical and theological authority, and his conviction that mathematical proofs can and should be sought in physical science, that celestial and terrestrial phenomena can be accounted for by a single set of scientific laws, and that scientific explanations cannot be divorced from direct empirical observation of phenomena. (Bowker Author Biography) toon minder
Fotografie: Justus Sustermans

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Werken van Galileo Galilei

Britannica Great Books: Gilbert, Galileo, Harvey (1600) — Auteur — 326 exemplaren
The Essential Galileo (2008) 91 exemplaren
Il saggiatore (1900) 72 exemplaren
Carta a Cristina de Lorena (1994) 27 exemplaren
On Sunspots (1613) 21 exemplaren
Opere (1953) 20 exemplaren
Antologia (1974) 16 exemplaren
Breven om solfläckarna (1613) 12 exemplaren
Discourse on bodies in water (2005) 11 exemplaren
Galileo Galilei (1977) 5 exemplaren
Le lettere copernicane (1997) 5 exemplaren
Lettere (2008) 5 exemplaren
Opere (2005) 5 exemplaren
Sul candore della Luna (2019) 5 exemplaren
Kijker, kerk en kosmos (2017) 4 exemplaren
Prose scelte 3 exemplaren
Scritti letterari 3 exemplaren
Le opere di Galileo Galilei (2015) 3 exemplaren
Leçons sur l'Enfer de Dante (2008) 3 exemplaren
Schriften, Briefe, Dokumente (2005) 3 exemplaren
Frammenti e lettere 3 exemplaren
Galileu & Newton 2 exemplaren
Contro il portar la toga (2009) 2 exemplaren
Genius - Galileo (2006) 2 exemplaren
Discourse on Floating Bodies (2011) 2 exemplaren
Opere volume I 2 exemplaren
Galilei, Galileo (1995) 2 exemplaren
La prosa 2 exemplaren
Le mecaniche (2002) 2 exemplaren
Galileo e gli scienziati del Seicento — Auteur — 2 exemplaren
Ground Power #105 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #104 1 exemplaar
Rime 1 exemplaar
Mensajero de las estrellas, El (1995) 1 exemplaar
Opere 1 1 exemplaar
Opere 2 1 exemplaar
Galileu 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #108 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #109 1 exemplaar
Die 80er Jahre 1 exemplaar
El ensayador 1 exemplaar
SIDEREUS NUNCUS 1 exemplaar
Die 50er Jahre 1 exemplaar
Die 60er Jahre 1 exemplaar
Die 70er Jahre 1 exemplaar
Die 90er Jahre 1 exemplaar
Galilei [Opere di] 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #129 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #155 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #133 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #139 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #140 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #141 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #142 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #153 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #154 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #158 1 exemplaar
Great Books 28 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #161 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #170 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #174 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #178 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #146 1 exemplaar
Ground Power #147 1 exemplaar
Die spinnen, die Engländer (2013) 1 exemplaar
Le rime (2001) 1 exemplaar
Opere letterarie 1 exemplaar
De motu 1 exemplaar
Discorso delle comete (2002) 1 exemplaar
Opere vol. 34° 1 exemplaar
Rime 1 exemplaar
Opere vol. 2 1 exemplaar
Noticiero sideral 1 exemplaar

Gerelateerde werken

The World of Mathematics, Volume 2 (1956) — Medewerker — 119 exemplaren
Meeting of Minds: First Series (1978) — Subject — 57 exemplaren
Cause, Experiment, and Science (1981) — Medewerker — 35 exemplaren
The Sheed and Ward Anthology of Catholic Philosophy (2005) — Medewerker — 28 exemplaren
Galileo Galilei (1977) — Associated Name — 27 exemplaren
Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction (1972) — Medewerker — 17 exemplaren

Tagged

Algemene kennis

Gangbare naam
Galilei, Galileo
Officiële naam
Galilei, Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de'
Pseudoniemen en naamsvarianten
GALILEI, Galileo
Geboortedatum
1564-02-15
Overlijdensdatum
1642-01-08
Graflocatie
Church of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
Geslacht
male
Nationaliteit
Tuscany
Land (voor op de kaart)
Italy
Geboorteplaats
Pisa, Duchy of Florence
Plaats van overlijden
Arcetri, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Woonplaatsen
Pisa, Italy (birth)
Padua, Italy
Florence, Tuscany, Italy
Opleiding
Pisa University
Beroepen
professor(mathematics ∙ Padua University)
astronomer
mathematician
writer
author
philosopher
Relaties
Celeste, Sister Maria (daughter)
Organisaties
University of Pisa
University of Padua
Prijzen en onderscheidingen
Accademia dei Ricovrati
Korte biografie
How can one summarize Galileo? He asked questions no one could answer, and then invented ways to answer them himself. He was the great Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, and the father of modern science.

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Discussies

Galileo Galilei in Legacy Libraries (januari 2014)

Besprekingen

Incredibly well-edited selection of writings, invaluable for understanding the history of science, rhetoric, theology, and cosmology.
 
Gemarkeerd
sashame | 3 andere besprekingen | Dec 9, 2018 |
This volume, subtitled “From Doubt to Astonishment,” includes a facsimile copy of Galileo’s Sidereus nuncius from the Library of Congress’s Rare Books and Special Collections. Accompanying the discourse are the proceedings from the Library of Congress’s November 2010 symposium celebrating the four hundredth anniversary of Galileo’s treatise. Also included in this amazing volume is the Albert Van Helden translation of Galileo’s scientific text.

Highly recommended.
 
Gemarkeerd
jfe16 | 2 andere besprekingen | Nov 8, 2018 |
CONSIDERACIONES Y DEMOSTRACIONES MATEMÁTICAS SOBRE DOS NUEVAS CIENCIAS

Esta obra del astrónomo y físico italiano Galileo Galilei, cuyo título completo es Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas en torno a dos nuevas ciencias referidas a la mecánica y a los movimientos locales, fue publicada en la tipografía de los Elzevir en Leyden, en 1638, y dedicada por el autor al conde de Noailles. Última de las obras publicadas por Galileo, fue preparada desde la reclusión forzosa a que lo condenó el segundo proceso inquisitorial, y que Galileo pasó en su quinta de Arcetri, en compañía de sus discípulos; sin embargo, parte de los materiales que la componen son anteriores a 1609, año en que inició su fecunda dedicación a la astronomía.

Galileo con sus discípulos en la quinta de Arcetri

Por esta naturaleza parcialmente recopilatoria, los Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas contienen la mayor parte de las más relevantes aportaciones de Galileo a la física. Presentada en forma de diálogo entre tres interlocutores (los mismos que entablaron el Diálogo sobre los dos máximos sistemas del mundo), la obra se dividía en la edición de 1638 en cuatro jornadas. Las dos primeras tratan de la estructura de los materiales, y conforman la exposición de la "ciencia nueva" que hoy llamamos estática. La tercera se ocupa del movimiento uniforme y uniformemente acelerado de los cuerpos, y la cuarta de la trayectoria de los proyectiles; en ambas se debate la segunda "ciencia nueva", hoy llamada dinámica. A partir de la edición florentina de 1718 se añadieron dos nuevas jornadas: "Sobre la definición de las proporciones de Euclides" y "De la fuerza de percusión".

Con la inserción de no pocas divagaciones geniales y útiles sobre otros asuntos, las dos primeras partes de la obra versan sobre la ciencia del equilibrio de las fuerzas y de la resistencia de los materiales. En ellas se exponen el principio de acción y reacción y diversas consideraciones sobre la cohesión, sobre el vacío, sobre lo continuo y discontinuo y sobre el infinito, todo ello completado con no pocas demostraciones geométricas en las que predomina el sentido de las proporciones, que, como los antiguos griegos, con tanta sagacidad utilizó para sus exposiciones, sin recurrir jamás a fórmulas algebraicas.
… (meer)
 
Gemarkeerd
FundacionRosacruz | Jan 3, 2018 |
Una gran edició dels Discorsi de Galileu, amb la traducció i l'original en facsímil. La introducció d'en Garcia Doncel i col·laboradors resulta imprescindible per emmarcar com cal els resultats de Galileu.
 
Gemarkeerd
Ruminahui | Jul 30, 2017 |

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Statistieken

Werken
226
Ook door
9
Leden
3,372
Populariteit
#7,556
Waardering
4.0
Besprekingen
25
ISBNs
199
Talen
16
Favoriet
10

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