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Henry Sidgwick (1838–1900)

Auteur van The Methods of Ethics, 7th Edition (Hackett Classics)

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Over de Auteur

Born at Skipton, Yorkshire, Henry Sidgwick studied at Trinity College, Cambridge University, where he was appointed a fellow in 1859. In 1869 he resigned his fellowship when growing religious doubts led him to decide that he could no longer subscribe to the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Anglican toon meer church (as fellows were required to do). He was subsequently reappointed when the religious requirements were abolished, becoming professor of moral philosophy in 1883 and continuing to teach at Trinity College until his death. Sidgwick was active in many fields: education, classics, literature, political theory, and history as well as philosophy. He was interested in the cause of women's education and was instrumental in the founding of Newnham College for women at Cambridge. Sidgwick's most important contributions to philosophy lie in the field of ethics, and his most important work is Methods of Ethics (1874). In ethical theory, he was a proponent of utilitarianism; he is generally regarded as the third great representative of that position, along with Bentham and John Stuart Mill (see also Vols. 1 and 3). He rejected the empiricism on which earlier utilitarians had grounded their theory and displayed much greater complexity and sophistication in treating the psychology of moral motivation. In political theory, Sidgwick was more conservative than either Bentham or Mill. (Bowker Author Biography) toon minder
Fotografie: Image from Henry Sidgwick; a memoir (1906) by Arthur Sidgwick and Eleanor Mildred Sidgwick

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Western Philosophy: An Anthology (1996) — Auteur, sommige edities184 exemplaren

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What we commonly demand or long for, under the name of Ideal Justice, is not so much the realisation of Freedom, as the distribution of good and evil according to Desert: indeed it is as a means to this latter end that Freedom is often advocated; for it is said that if we protect men completely from mutual interference, each will reap the good and bad consequences of his own conduct, and so be happy or unhappy in proportion to his deserts.

If there is one aspect that sums up both the brilliance and difficulty of this book, it would be its thoroughness. Sidgwick comprehensively covers all the major ethical theories up to that time, objections to them, and rigorous responses to each. Many reviewers describe The Methods of Ethics as simply a defense of utilitarianism, but I think this is an unfair characterization. While Sidgwick does ultimately advocate universal hedonism as the most coherent ethical system, he is rigorous in his accounts of moral intuitionism and egoistic hedonism. The work is really more of a critique of the major ethical theories of the time than simply a defense of utilitarianism. Reading Sidgwick is not like reading Kant, Mill, or other moral philosophers because he seems ultimately more concerned with the practical application of ethics and its concomitance with common sense, whereas most ethical theorists are seeking to defend their theories wholesale, regardless of conflicts with practical implementation. Sidgwick seems comfortable admitting the weaknesses in the ethical system he advocates, simply because the other methods he examines have more.… (meer)
 
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drbrand | 2 andere besprekingen | Jun 8, 2020 |
Classic developing approach which many others used in developing intuitionism.
 
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vegetarian | 2 andere besprekingen | Sep 7, 2012 |
This collection of nine essays is a masterpiece of profound thoughts about the title subject. The thoughts they contain are well worth consideration by any student of the subject.

Eight of the essays were originally delivered as spoken presentations to study groups at Cambridge or London between 1888 and 1897. The last was written by Sidgwick to review or summarize his thoughts on both the topic and some results of the study groups. The essays are: The Scope and Limits of the Work of an Ethical Society, The Aim and Methods of an Ethical Society, Public Morality, The Morality of Strife, The Ethics of Religious Conformity, Clerical Veracity, Luxury, The Pursuit of Culture, and Unreasonable Action.

Describing an overall opinion of this work is very difficult, mainly due to my efforts and hopes to understand and reach conclusions on the subject of ethics. The brilliance and clarity of the author are very encouraging. The brilliance of his work may be made apparent by his coining of certain terms, such as ‘neo-Machiavellianism’ which he uses to describe certain conduct seemingly required by statesmen. However, the work also brings a disappointment due to the failure of the study groups that were the original audience. His discussion groups had an overall goal of developing a single, integrated, code of ethics. After about a decade in the attempt, they disbanded in a general failure. But, the topics addressed by Sidgwick and his thoughts are as important today as they were when written over a hundred years ago, and the implied description of the attempt at integration is well worth reading.
… (meer)
 
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ServusLibri | Sep 15, 2008 |

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