Renia Spiegel (1924–1942)
Auteur van Renia's Diary: A Holocaust Journal
Werken van Renia Spiegel
Tagged
Algemene kennis
- Officiële naam
- Spiegel, Aurelia
- Geboortedatum
- 1924-06-18
- Overlijdensdatum
- 1942-07-30
- Geslacht
- female
- Nationaliteit
- Poland
- Geboorteplaats
- Uhryńkowce, Poland
- Plaats van overlijden
- Przemyśl, Poland
- Oorzaak van overlijden
- executed by Nazis
- Woonplaatsen
- Przemyśl, Poland
- Beroepen
- diarist
- Relaties
- Bellak, Elizabeth (sister)
- Korte biografie
- Aurelia "Renia" Spiegel was born to a wealthy Jewish family in Uhryńkowce, Poland (now Ukraine), a daughter of Bernard Spiegel and his wife Róża Maria Leszczyńska. She grew up on their large estate on the Dniester River near the border between Poland and Romania with her younger sister Ariana (now Elizabeth Bellak), who was a child film star in Poland. In 1938, Renia's mother sent her to live with her grandparents in Przemyśl, Poland, while she herself moved to Warsaw to promote Ariana's acting career. Ariana went to join Renia in Przemyśl during the summer of 1938. Renia began keeping a diary in January 1939. Later that year, after Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland, it became impossible for the two girls and their mother to reach each other. Bernard Spiegel, who had stayed on the family estate, subsequently disappeared during World War II. In the first years of the war, Renia attended school and socialized in Przemyśl, and in 1940 began to develop a romantic relationship with Zygmunt Schwarzer, two years older than she, the son of a prominent Jewish physician. The Przemyśl Ghetto was established July 1942 and the sisters moved in, along with 24,000 other Jews. After about two weeks, Zygmunt Schwarzer helped Renia escape from the ghetto and hid her along with his own parents in the attic of his uncle's house. They were betrayed to the Nazis, who found and executed 18-year-old Renia and Schwarzer's parents in the street on July 30, 1942. Schwarzer kept the diary for a while, and wrote the final entries about Renia's death. He then left the diary with someone else before he was deported to the Nazi death camp at Auschwitz. Schwarzer survived the war, and retrieved the diary. He emigrated to the USA, where he gave the diary to Renia's mother and sister, who had also survived. Elizabeth Bellak took possession of the diary in 1969 and stored it in a bank vault. It remained there, unread, until 2012, when Elizabeth's daughter, Alexandra Renata Bellak arranged to have it translated from Polish into English. Excerpts were first published in English in Smithsonian magazine in 2018. The first full English publication was titled Renia’s Diary: A Young Girl’s Life in the Shadow of the Holocaust, published in the UK in 2019. In the USA, it is called Renia's Diary: A Holocaust Journal, and contains a prologue and epilogue by Elizabeth Bellak. The diary is also the subject of a Polish documentary film called Broken Dreams, directed by Tomasz Magierski.
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Statistieken
- Werken
- 3
- Leden
- 211
- Populariteit
- #105,256
- Waardering
- 3.2
- Besprekingen
- 14
- ISBNs
- 24
- Talen
- 7
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