Each year, the USA generates more than 160 million tons of municipal solid waste - more that 1/2 ton per person - and this amount is rising steadily. Since 80% of existing landfill sites are expected to close within 20 years and new sites are difficult to open, innovative waste management strategies are required. Solutions to this growing problem are offered in this account of how different technologies for solid waste reduction and management can be used in an environmentally sound and cost-effective long-term strategy. The authors review specific options such as waste prevention, recycling, incineration, and landfills that can help to ward off the impending waste crisis.