It was not until the middle of the 20th century that Caravaggio (1571-1610), an Italian painter long considered controversial, was rediscovered. An advocate of Realism, this artist of the Counter-Reformation challenged the establishment and returned a sense of humanity to images of the saints. The sensuality he gave them went beyond veneration to create an ambiguous eroticism, which incurred the wrath of the Church. Paradoxical and violent, this painter of shadows illustrated with solemnity his debauched lifestyle and dissolute morals. With his invention of chiaroscuro, he made his bloodsoaked impression on the history of art. In combining the different approaches of Félix Witting (Professor of Art History) and M. L.Patrizi (Doctor of Psychology), this text sheds new light on the work of this painter, who could not be better served than by these great specialists.