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Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon…
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Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers (editie 1994)

door Mohammed Arkoun

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A Berber from the mountainous region of Algeria, Mohammed Arkoun is an internationally renowned scholar of Islamic thought. In this book, he advocates a conception of Islam as a stream of experience encompassing majorities and minorities, Sunni and Shi'a, popular mystics and erudite scholars, ancient heroes and modern critics. A product of Islamic culture, Arkoun nonetheless disagrees with the Islamic establishment and militant Islamist groups; as a student of twentieth-century social science in the West and an admirer of liberalism, he self-consciously distances himself from Western Orientalists and Western conceptions of liberalism.This book--the first of Arkoun's works to be widely available in English--presents his responses to twenty-four deceptively simple questions, including: Can one speak of a scientific understanding of Islam in the West or must one rather talk about the Western way of imagining Islam? What do the words "Islam," "Muslim," and "Qur'an" mean? What is meant by "revelation" and "tradition''? What did Islam retain from the previously revealed religions--Judaism and Christianity? What did it retain from the religions and customs of pre-Islamic Arabia? In answering these and other questions, Arkoun provides an introduction to one of the world's great religions and offers a biting, radical critique of Islamology as it has been practiced in both East and West.This is a book for the beginning student of Islam and for the general reader uneasy with media images of Islam as a monolithic, anti-Western, violence-prone religion. It is also a book for specialists seeking an entr#65533; into Arkoun's methhodology--his efforts toapply contemporary thinking about anthropology, philosophy, semiotics, history, and sociology to the Islamic tradition and its relationship to the West. It is a book for anyone concerned about the identity crisis that has left many Muslims estranged from both a modernity imposed upon them and a tradition subverted for nationalist and Islamist purposes.… (meer)
Lid:HectorSwell
Titel:Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers
Auteurs:Mohammed Arkoun
Info:Westview Pr (Short Disc) (1994), Hardcover, 160 pages
Verzamelingen:Jouw bibliotheek
Waardering:
Trefwoorden:Islam, Middle East

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Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers door Mohammed Arkoun

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Excellent book, extremely thought provoking, but writing style is somewhat obtuse: for appropriate for PhD candidates than the average Joe (moi). Might be better to start with Robert Lee's "Overcoming Tradition and Modernity: The Search for Islamic Authenticity" because the writing style is more manageable for the general public. ( )
  nabeelar | Sep 14, 2011 |
Algerian by birth, Arkoun is professor emeritus of Islamic thought at the Sorbonne and a critic of Islamology as it has been practiced in both East and West. Beginning with a series of deceptively simple questions—When was the Qur’an written and by whom? What did Muhammad want? How are the domains of spiritual and political authority delineated in Islam?—Arkoun argues for an intellectual reformulation of the Islamic tradition. His analysis is part anthropology (what is the function of a belief system for society?), part semiotics (“the theological-juridical discourse sacralizes state institutions”), and part history.

Muhammad left no written works of his own, and disputes among the three dominant streams within early Islam— Sunni, Shi’a and Khariji—pushed the caliph Uthman to gather the totality of the revelation into a single compilation called mushaf. The selection and editing of the mushaf was undertaken by officials of the (Sunni) Umayyad state. According to Arkoun, one of the traditions dismissed by the authorized interpreters of the mushaf was that of the Mu’tazili school, which held that the Qur’an was created by God “in time,” and hence open to discussion and shifting interpretations (itjihad). Instead, the imposed orthodoxy insisted that the mushaf contained the inviolable Word of God. Islamic orthodoxy—in the form of a Closed Official Corpus (the Qur'an)—was thus imposed and authorized by jurist-theologians sanctioned by the Umayyad state.

The Qur’an is the foremost foundational source of Islamic theology, but a second source or foundation is the sunna (the “example” of the prophet) known through the hadith—the prophet’s utterances in his role as guide of the Community of Believers and not as an instrument of divine will. The record of prophetic deeds proliferated after Muhammad’s death, so that by the 9th c. there were thousands of traditions. Sunni, Shi’a, Khariji and numerous other sects all recognize the authenticity of different versions of the hadith, so that there is no “standard Islamic theology.”

Similarly, Arkoun makes the point that there is no standard Islamic politics. State typologies and degrees of national unity vary among societies affected by colonization (such as Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco), those that underwent political tutelage (such as Iran, Iraq, and Yemen), and those that preserved relative independence (such as Turkey and most of Arabia).

Headlines and stereotypes in the West feed a powerful imaginary of a hostile, violent, backward Islam, notes Arkoun, but Muslim states—anxious to guarantee their survival and legitimacy—too often use Islam as an ideological lever and a tool for offensive or defensive justification rather than as “a source of value certainty in the fight against ignorance, eruptions of violence, corruption, and intolerance.” Arkoun identifies and reexamines some of the most pressing themes in Islam (human rights, the place of women, the tension between tradition and innovation) in a way that challenges preconceptions on all sides.
2 stem HectorSwell | Dec 16, 2009 |
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» Andere auteurs toevoegen

AuteursnaamRolType auteurWerk?Status
Mohammed Arkounprimaire auteuralle editiesberekend
Lee, Robert D.RedacteurSecundaire auteuralle editiesbevestigd
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A Berber from the mountainous region of Algeria, Mohammed Arkoun is an internationally renowned scholar of Islamic thought. In this book, he advocates a conception of Islam as a stream of experience encompassing majorities and minorities, Sunni and Shi'a, popular mystics and erudite scholars, ancient heroes and modern critics. A product of Islamic culture, Arkoun nonetheless disagrees with the Islamic establishment and militant Islamist groups; as a student of twentieth-century social science in the West and an admirer of liberalism, he self-consciously distances himself from Western Orientalists and Western conceptions of liberalism.This book--the first of Arkoun's works to be widely available in English--presents his responses to twenty-four deceptively simple questions, including: Can one speak of a scientific understanding of Islam in the West or must one rather talk about the Western way of imagining Islam? What do the words "Islam," "Muslim," and "Qur'an" mean? What is meant by "revelation" and "tradition''? What did Islam retain from the previously revealed religions--Judaism and Christianity? What did it retain from the religions and customs of pre-Islamic Arabia? In answering these and other questions, Arkoun provides an introduction to one of the world's great religions and offers a biting, radical critique of Islamology as it has been practiced in both East and West.This is a book for the beginning student of Islam and for the general reader uneasy with media images of Islam as a monolithic, anti-Western, violence-prone religion. It is also a book for specialists seeking an entr#65533; into Arkoun's methhodology--his efforts toapply contemporary thinking about anthropology, philosophy, semiotics, history, and sociology to the Islamic tradition and its relationship to the West. It is a book for anyone concerned about the identity crisis that has left many Muslims estranged from both a modernity imposed upon them and a tradition subverted for nationalist and Islamist purposes.

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