Who are public intellectuals? Why do they matter? What is the difference between an academic and an intellectual? Prehistory to Politics explores these issues by examining the life and work of John Mulvaney, one of Australia's foremost prehistorians, who has both changed our understanding of the past and made a major contribution to public debate and public policy about world heritage, archaeological and conservation practice, the function and operation of museums and the relevance of the humanities. A major campaigner for preservation of the Franklin River in the early 1980s, Mulvaney has also been in influential member of the Australian Heritage Commission and one of the most important advocates of the National Museum of Australia. He played a significant role in the campaign to preserve the site of First Government House in Sydney. Perhaps most controversially, he has been outspoken in his views about the return of skeletal remains by Australian museums to Aboriginal people.