South Asia is the region inhabited by the largest number of Muslims. In the course of the Islamization process, which began in the 8th century, it developed a distinct Indo-Islamic civilization that culminated in the Mughal Empire. While paying lip service to the power centres of Islam in the Gulf, including Mecca & Medina, this civilization has cultivated its own variety of Islam, based on Sufism. Over the last 50 years, pan-Islamic ties have intensified between these two regions. Gathering together some of the best specialists on the subject, this volume explores these ideological, educational & spiritual networks, which have gained momentum due to political strategies, migration flows & increased communications.