This volume brings together young scholars from China, Russia, the United States, and Europe who, drawing on much newly available documentation, analyze the complicated and often stormy history of the Sino-Soviet relationship from World War II to the 1960s. This volume should be considered a first assessment of massive amounts of new information, providing new insights and many reevaluations of the various aspects of the alliance between China and the Soviet Union - its creation, aims and instruments, its strains and conflicts, and its final collapse.