Pamela Stone (2) (1950–)

Opting Out I was intrigued with the premise of this work right from the beginning. Well put together and deeply researched, this book goes beyond the simple explanations to get down to the how and why of it all.
I have always hated the term "opting out" and I'm really starting to understand why. I feel like it misunderstands the choice. Opting out makes it sound like women are choosing to disengage from the greater of two goals, when I never believed that to be the case. This book gets into that part of it and even helped me put some better language to my own feelings about it.  
It begins by presenting the reason for the study and then spending some time detailing the reasons why this specific set of women were chosen to be studied for this. Stone exclusively studies married, highly educated, well off, and high achieving white women because they are, theoretically, the women with the least amount of barriers to success in the workplace. None are "opting out" for those reasons we attribute to those who are less off, which are typically attributed to child care costs.
Stone details several reasons why women are not staying at the same workplace they had their kids at and why some appear to be leaving altogether, even when some aren't. They do freelance work or volunteer locally at a professional level. 
The book makes the case that the women are more likely being pushed out of the workplace by policies that make it impossible to be good at mothering or that don't allow women to have a good relationship with their children and then are given permission to give up on their original careers by husbands who aren't under the same pressures to be available for their children and their boss in the same way and at the same time. Mothers and fathers are not looked at in the same light by employers or society at large, so fathers are not typically subject to the double bind that pushes these women out. I thought it was an interesting touch to see their husbands, most of which were similarly qualified at the beginning of their marriages, as a control group. 
The other issues that are discussed in this book alongside the why's and how's are that it's presented as a choice for women to work and therefore a privilege for women to not work. It discusses how it's seen by the women making this choice as an act of feminism rather than a defiance of it. There is also a discussion on identity and whether it is career or parenthood that identifies a person and how these women handle that question too.
Altogether, I found the book interesting and enlightening. It isn't entirely new information for me, but that's mostly on account of countless conversations with women who were also in the double bind and figuring out what to do. It didn't sound like a lot of these women had female peers to talk to about it but I have had plenty of these conversations with women who make significantly less but who are debating whether to continue difficult career paths and several with my husband as we discussed what to do when we were expecting our son. We had the same "one of us will be home with the kids" idea that some of the women in the book had, but ours came to a different conclusion. I was making more, but more important to our decision, I was under a contract that would have been near impossible to get out of. By the time my contract was over, my husband had been home with our son a few years and it would have been ludicrous to try to switch given other life situations.
This is a great book for anyone interested in researching women and the workplace, or simply interested in why women still leave the workplace for family while men still don't do it much. The end gives prescriptions for how workplaces can entice women to stay and reasons it would be good business for them to do so, but even the author has little hope of this happening any time soon.
Its pre-Lean In Movement, in fact, it's referenced in the Lean In book, which was where I first heard about it. It was only used as a reference to the way that women give deference to husband's careers, thus ensuring that husband's will be in better positions to be the one who stays at work after kids are born, but still an important part of the point that Sandberg strives to make as well. Coincidentally, this better position would also give husband's a better standing to bargain from in order to get more time or accomodations for kids, but that's not a typical expectation for them. We still tend to see male careers as important and female careers as options. Workplaces and society both do this and so women's careers suffer, even when the women are committed to them, even when the women don't have the option to opt out. Change needs to happen, but first we need to understand how our problems are created. This book digs in and looks at this one.… (meer)

I was predisposed to agree with the author and that didn't change. What did surprise me was how little sympathy I felt for the women in the case studies. They recognized the barriers thrown up by their workplaces easily enough, but consistently went through all kinds of contortions to justify their husbands' equally limiting actions. I also felt sorry for their children. The mothers all talked about how good it felt to structure and mold the children's little junior executive lives, but only a handful ever said anything about fun or playing with them. It was downright disturbing how little the mothers of pre-teens and teenagers trusted the kids, despite spending all this time on them. Their consistent snobbery put my back up too, with the insistence on CEO track or nothing, the idea that paid caregivers were intellectually inadequate, and the refusal to give up housekeepers in order to maintain the distinction between full-time mother and housewife. There were some great points about how motherhood is generally more demanding these days, or at least one yuppy development-centric version that you can choose to buy into. And it was fascinating to read (and confirm with coworkers) that working motherhood actually gets harder rather than easier once the kids are in school.… (meer)

I cannot stop recommending this book to people. Stone interrogates the discourse of choice in popular media representations of elite women leaving the workforce after becoming mothers, and comes up with some really interesting findings on the push and pull factors behind women's exit from the paid labor force. This is also a great example of qualitative research using in-depth interviews. This book can be enjoyed by academics and non-academics alike: the book is written simply and well, without a lot of specialized jargon, but appendices are included for those who want to know more about the methods behind the findings.… (meer)