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Bezig met laden... Principles of Pragmatics (1983)door Geoffrey Leech
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Over the years, pragmatics - the study of the use and meaning of utterances to their situations - has become a more and more important branch of linguistics, as the inadequacies of a purely formalist, abstract approach to the study of language have become more evident. This book presents a rhetorical model of pragmatics: that is, a model which studies linguistic communication in terms of communicative goals and principles of 'good communicative behaviour'. In this respect, Geoffrey Leech argues for a rapprochement between linguistics and the traditional discipline of rhetoric. He does not reject the Chomskvan revolution of linguistics, but rather maintains that the language system in the abstract - i.e. the 'grammar' broadly in Chomsky's sense - must be studied in relation to a fully developed theory of language use. There is therefore a division of labour between grammar and rhetoric, or (in the study of meaning) between semantics and pragmatics. The book's main focus is thus on the development of a model of pragmatics within an overall functional model of language. In this it builds on the speech avct theory of Austin and Searle, and the theory of conversational implicature of Grice, but at the same time enlarges pragmatics to include politeness, irony, phatic communion, and other social principles of linguistic behaviour. Geen bibliotheekbeschrijvingen gevonden. |
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That alone makes this a crucial read for anyone interested in the interpersonal aspect of language. Some of the rest is descriptive schematization of the type that is uninteresting to me, but Leech also does. a magnificent job critiquing Searle's idea of illocutionary acts (that sort of reduce language to "statements that do things" like "I hereby christen this boat/declare you married/leave this party" and treat huge swaths of normal speech problematically as exceptions or questionably as forced examples; he does so partly with a kind of corpus angle before its time, reminding us just how important proper corpora were for counteracting scholasticism like the generative semantics, still somewhat influential at the time, in which every indicative statement, like "It's Saturday," must be preceded with an implicit declaration, like "I declare that it's Saturday," for abstruse theoretical reasons. Bad rubbish well disposed of.
He gets us a lot closer to understanding the social aspect of language as a kind of damp emotional process that happens between nerve bundles as opposed to a volitional effort to express a change and thereby affect it (which, weirdly, leaves illocution as a kind of magic, a vow or incantation) or formal exchange of propositions among (hereby-)proposing machines. (I was working on a sex analogy but maybe nobody needs that.) ( )