!!! Buyer beware. My copy of this used book (through Amazon) is missing about 30 pages, and another 30 are duplicated. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997 Second Edition.
I suspect every copy of that issue is the same, as I later saw a disclaimer on AbeBooks of "possible missing pages" from this book.
Sepia cover with Mencken open-mouth, cigar in hand, book on his lap.
This is a rock-solid 5-star book, even with the missing pages.
Though a layman to Theology, I have read a good bit, yet Treatise on the Gods is thoroughly interesting and enlightening and well- and simply written.
And you can read it entire and free at archiv.org . ( )

The most damning critique of religion I've ever read. ( )

Mencken is not at his finest here, but he does manage to make quite a good case against the Gods. Overall, it is worthy reading, just not quite his peak. ( )

A remakable and scholarly work, written perhaps in 1930 by the sage of Baltimore. He postulates development of religion from magic, by practitioners, then priests, with a vested interest in the perpetuation of Gods, very nasty minded in places. Mencken nicely reviews the origin of the New Testament, and the early days of the church. He finishes with a chapter on the state of religion in his day, soon after prohibition had been repealed, and naturally decries the hypocrisy of organized religion. He has many very funny comments on the silliness of Biblebelt preachers. His praise for modern man, liberated from religious fears by science, resonates with my beliefs, but sounds, interestingly, a bit naive and dated in the year 2000.
Mencken was a great sceptic, and scourge of fundamentalist religion, having reported from the Scopes’ trial itself on the excesses of the religious attack on evolution. He wrote this book in 1930, and it was controversial before publication. He begins with a theory of evolution of the first priests, individuals who railed and yelled at the elements, luckily prevailed, and were then adulated and fed by their companions. This naturally led to the desire to perpetuate this employment, and the development, according to Mencken, of the rich apparatus of multiple gods and impenetrable theology to support their racket. Mencken’s prose is the very definition of pithy, sharply observed, unsympathetic, and only gets more biting as he takes on Protestants. He has some respect for the Roman Catholic Church as virtuosi of casuistry and ritual. I read this, as I recall, with thorough enjoyment over a few hours, and long cherished the points it made. I re-read parts of it in 2009 ( )

There was a time in my life where, wouldn’t you know it I questioned the nature of existence and the universal truths of reality. I believe that I called it 7th grade… During this time of spiritual and emotional upheaval (maybe it was some deeper yearning for spiritual understanding and perhaps a transcendence of traditional human understanding, maybe it was the hormones, who knows?) I came upon Mencken. Let me make something very clear before I review his diatribe on the nature of organized religion: I can’t stand Mencken. Every other time I’ve read him he has been an arrogant, pompous windbag. Mencken is an intellectual elitist, or in layman’s terms, a smarty-pants. He peppers in French sayings and the like simply to elevate his own status, and he is the master of the put-down. His style is crass (in as much as a classically educated religious historian and columnist can be crass) and I can’t stand the condescending way he addresses his audience. However, I loved the novel Treatise on the Gods. For anyone attempting to understand the human systems of religion and the way that the organized church developed, this book should be able to answer all your questions.
Mencken begins with pre-man and addresses first the rise of the priestly class, and already he uses logic and very basic reasoning to explain the occurrence of each phase of a religion. The priests and the shamans were the members of the tribe who could do nothing else in support of the tribe. They had no real talents or skills besides being highly intelligent and clever, and they used this charisma (though by no means do intelligence and charisma go together all the time) to develop sway within the village. Mencken treats the matter of religion very gently, carefully refuting divine intervention while stressing the inherent need for an organized church, especially in the times of pre-man. And he does this, interestingly enough, without lambasting faith. He does an excellent job of sparing your faith while appealing to your sense of logic and founds his arguments in a basis of fact. He reasons through the development of the church so as to have a broader understanding of its necessity, and this is what necessarily lends his novel considerable weight; it was done as a scholarly work calling for the end of organized religion as we know it, and in my view, individualized faith.
Of course, there are common stories throughout many faiths, including the flood story, and Mencken discusses the need for the priests to explain and to elaborate. If they can find an excuse for the flood story, they can hold power within in the tribe. And of course, according to Mencken, this was all in a ploy by the priestly class to usurp control from the tribal leaders. They soon took a seat of power behind the scenes, possibly wielding more influence than even the leaders. The case became that the tribe was soon controlled by the priests, and this early programming deep within our psyche, at least according to Mencken, promoted a desire for an overarching religious organization guiding us and advising us. Cynical yes, but to a realist of the early 20th century, this provided a reprieve from the growing wave of Fundamentalism.
Treatise on the Gods is not an interesting book besides simply as a rant about the dangers of organized religion, and this appeals to a very specific audience (cynical 7th grade boys and cynical senior post-boys), but it was an incredibly enlightening view on the nature of the church, and how faith had little to do with the establishment of organized churches. Of course, if you read this and agree, you could very well found a church dedicated to the Atheism of Mencken. But then, that would be hypocritical. ( )