Epistemology and logic. Criteria of truth ; Material fallacies of reasoning ; The problem of truth -- Ethics and philosophies of life. The philosophy of Socrates ; The self-realization philosophy of Aristotle ; The hedonistic philosophy of Epicurus ; The stoic philosophy of Epictetus ; The utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham ; The utilitarianism of John Stuart Mill ; The intuitionism of Immanuel Kant ; The pessimistic philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer ; The naturalistic philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche ; Royce's philosophy of loyalty ; The ethical realism of George Edward Moore -- Social, political, and legal philosophy. Plato's republic ; The political philosophy of Aristotle ; The legal philosophy of Saint Thomas Aquinas ; Machiavelli's political philosophy ; The political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes ; The democratic philosophy of Jean Jacques Rousseau ; Hegel's philosophy of law ; The communism of Karl Marx -- Philosophy of religion. Conceptions of God ; The problem of God's existence ; Agnosticism and atheism ; The soul ; The mind-body problem ; Immortality ; The problem of evil -- Metaphysics. Pre-Cartesian metaphysics ; Modern post-Cartesian metaphysics -- Types of philosophy. Dialectical materialism ; Pragmatism and instrumentalism ; Classical positivism ; Logical positivism and the analytic school ; Neo-scholasticism and neo-thomism ; Neorealism and critical realism ; Personalism ; Phenomenology and phenomenalism ; Existentialism and neo-orthodoxy.