I have read many histories and memoirs of the Cultural Revolution. Because it is in recent memory, I have long been curious about how Chinese people think of the Cultural Revolution. With the exception of the victims, English-reading historians and readers no nothing about the thoughts of the participants.

Tania Branigan tries to correct that in Red Memory: Living, Remembering and Forgetting China's Cultural Revolution. She accepts the restrictions placed on reporting and memorializing the Cultural Revolution, and tries to find perpetrators, thinkers, and Red Guards. Unfortunately, despite genuinely trying, she doesn't get very far. This book ends up with lots of speculation about motives and not much on-the-ground reporting.

Branigan finds a few former Red Guards but none of them were directly involved in any atrocities. All of them report that they heard about bad things, but had no direct knowledge. Even in her interviews with Song Binbin's classmates - Binbin was a high school student who practically inaugurated the Cultural Revolution when she allegedly encouraged the beating death of her principal Bian Zhongyun - Branigan comes away with very little information, although these interviews are important for the historical record.

The book provides some of the timeline of the Cultural Revolution and does an excellent job dividing it between the urban and rural phases, but it is not meant as an exhaustive history. For that, Frank Dikötter's "The Cultural Revolution" suffices.

In the end, there is far too much editorializing and speculation in Red Memory. I hope Branigan will return to the subject and document more interviews with people who participated in the Cultural Revolution. ( )